Given the health implications of our energy systems and the social drivers of energy use, access, and burden, energy transitions have the potential to impact health outcomes and associated disparities in a context-dependent manner. In this talk, I will present research that has two objectives: 1) to evaluate the distribution of benefits from energy transitions in the United States and in Ghana; 2) to characterize health outcomes that are relevant to these transitions but are currently understudied. I will also introduce future research directions for my group.